Revolutionary Party of the African National Union of Kpwahele and Nɣurumba (RANU)
The Revolutionary Party of the African National Union of Kpwahele and Nɣurumba (RANU) (Gbene: (t.b.a.); French: Parti Révolutionnaire de l'Union Nationale Africaine de Qouahélé et Nghurumba - RUNA) is a political party in Kpwahele & Nɣurumba. It was founded in 1956 by Joseph-Nmawu Nkweza with the intention of becoming the leading organization in the struggle for independence from the french. Originally, RANU was heavily influenced (or at least inspired) by the French-Caribian political thinker Frantz Fanon, and by Julius Nyerere from neigboring Tanzania and the Mozambican FRELIMO. It was a left-wing movement combining (among others) elements of socialism with African nationalism, but gradually RANU evolved into a much more pragmatic direction. In 2003 all references to Marxism were deleted from its official ideology, and currently, the party's ideology - officially "African socialism" - is probably best described as a mixture of pragmatism, opportunism, moderate nationalism, and equally moderate social democracy. The party's primary aim is - as is has been for decades - the economic development of Kpwahele & Nɣurumba.
see also: History of Kpwahele & Nɣurumba